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Dive into the world of classic Canadian desserts with this easy Homemade Nanaimo Bars recipe. Perfect for those who love no-bake treats, these bars combine a crunchy, nutty base with a creamy custard middle and a rich chocolate topping. Whether you’re a seasoned baker or new to the kitchen, our step-by-step guide will help you master these iconic Canadian Nanaimo Bars in no time.
These bars hold a special place in Canadian cuisine. They symbolize the country’s hospitality and culinary creativity. Nanaimo celebrates this treat, offering a “Nanaimo Bar Trail” for visitors. This allows them to sample different versions of the dessert. The popularity of Nanaimo Bars has spread throughout Canada and beyond. They are loved for their mix of flavors and textures. This dessert shows how simple, homemade treats can unite people. Thus, the Nanaimo Bar has become a treasured element of Canada’s food heritage.
Understanding the Layers
Bottom Layer: The Foundation
The base of a Nanaimo Bar sets the stage for this delightful treat, combining unsweetened coconut flakes, crushed graham crackers, and finely chopped nuts (typically almonds or walnuts) for a crunchy texture. Melted butter and cocoa powder bind these dry ingredients together, while a beaten egg helps to solidify the mixture upon cooling. For a gluten-free alternative, one can substitute graham cracker crumbs with a gluten-free version or even crushed gluten-free cookies.
Step-by-Step Instructions:
- Melt the butter with cocoa powder in a saucepan over low heat.
- Mix in the sugar until well combined.
- Off the heat, blend in the beaten egg, stirring rapidly to prevent scrambling.
- Fold in the coconut, nuts, and graham cracker crumbs until the mixture is uniform.
- Press firmly into the bottom of a lined baking pan and chill to set.
Middle Layer: The Creamy Custard
The heart of the Nanaimo Bar is a soft, buttery custard layer, traditionally flavored with custard powder for a distinctive taste and color. Custard powder, a cooked mixture of milk, sugar, and flavors, can be replaced with instant vanilla pudding mix in a pinch, though the flavor profile will slightly differ.
Mixing and Setting Tips:
- Cream together softened butter, custard powder (or substitute), and powdered sugar until light and fluffy.
- Gradually add milk or cream to achieve a smooth consistency.
- Spread evenly over the chilled base layer and refrigerate until firm.
Top Layer: The Chocolate Ganache
A glossy chocolate ganache crowns the Nanaimo Bar, made by melting semi-sweet chocolate with butter. The choice of chocolate is crucial; higher quality chocolate yields a richer flavor and smoother finish.
Achieving a Smooth Finish:
- Gently melt the chocolate and butter together, stirring until smooth.
- Allow the mixture to cool slightly, then pour over the custard layer.
- Use a spatula to spread the ganache evenly.
- Chill the bars until the chocolate sets, creating a luscious, velvety top layer that contrasts beautifully with the creamy custard and crunchy base.
Preparation Tips
Key Ingredients and Their Roles:
- Butter: Adds richness and binds the layers.
- Cocoa powder and chocolate: Provide the classic chocolate flavor.
- Custard powder: Gives the middle layer its signature yellow hue and creamy texture.
- Graham crackers, coconut, and nuts: Create a crunchy, flavorful base.
Equipment Needed:
- An 8×8-inch baking pan
- Double boiler (or a heatproof bowl over a pot of simmering water)
- Mixing bowls
- Electric mixer (optional, for the custard layer)
Step-by-Step Guide
- Bottom Layer: Mix melted butter, cocoa, and sugar; add egg to thicken. Stir in crumbs, coconut, and nuts. Press into the pan and chill.
- Middle Layer: Cream butter with custard powder and powdered sugar; spread over the base. Chill until set.
- Top Layer: Melt chocolate with butter; spread over the custard. Chill until firm.
Cooling and Setting Times: Each layer should chill for at least 30 minutes before adding the next, with a final chill of 1-2 hours to set completely.
Recipe Variations
- Vegan: Use dairy-free butter and chocolate, and a suitable custard powder substitute.
- Gluten-Free: Opt for gluten-free graham crackers.
- Nut-Free: Simply omit the nuts or use seeds as an alternative.
- Flavor Variations: Add mint extract to the chocolate, or mix peanut butter into the custard layer for a twist.
Homemade Nanaimo Bars offer a canvas for creativity, whether sticking to the classic recipe or exploring variations. Enjoy crafting this Canadian classic!
Advanced Tips and Tricks
Achieving the Perfect Texture: To ensure each layer of your Nanaimo Bars melds beautifully, focus on precise measurements and cooling times. For the base, press firmly but evenly to avoid a crumbly texture. When preparing the custard layer, ensure it’s smooth and spread evenly to prevent lumps. Allow the chocolate topping to cool slightly before spreading to achieve a glossy finish without melting the custard.
Tips for Cutting and Serving: Use a sharp, warm knife for clean cuts, dipping in hot water and wiping between slices. Chill the bars thoroughly before cutting to maintain layer integrity. Serve at a cool room temperature for the best flavor and texture.
Common Mistakes to Avoid:
- Rushing the cooling process, leading to layers blending or not setting properly.
- Overheating chocolate, which can cause it to seize.
- Not pressing the base layer firmly, resulting in a loose foundation.
Storage and Preservation
Refrigeration vs. Freezing: Nanaimo Bars keep well in the refrigerator, stored in an airtight container for up to a week. For longer preservation, freezing is an excellent option.
How to Store Nanaimo Bars for Freshness: Layer the bars between sheets of parchment paper in an airtight container to prevent them from sticking together or absorbing odors from the fridge or freezer.
Freezing and Thawing Instructions: Freeze the bars on a baking sheet before transferring to a container to keep their shape. Thaw in the refrigerator overnight, or at room temperature for a few hours before serving, to ensure they retain their texture and flavor.
FAQs
Can I use instant vanilla pudding powder instead of custard powder? Yes, instant vanilla pudding powder can be a substitute for custard powder to achieve a similar creamy texture and flavor in the middle layer. The color might vary slightly, but the taste will be delightful.
How do I prevent the egg in the bottom layer from curdling? To prevent the egg from curdling, ensure the mixture is not too hot when adding the egg. Gradually temper the egg by adding a small amount of the hot mixture to it, stirring constantly, before mixing it back into the pan. This method gently raises the egg’s temperature without cooking it directly.
Can Nanaimo Bars be made gluten-free or vegan? Absolutely! For a gluten-free version, use gluten-free graham crackers. For vegan Nanaimo Bars, substitute the butter with a dairy-free alternative, use a vegan-friendly chocolate, and choose a plant-based milk for the custard layer.
How long can I store Nanaimo Bars in the refrigerator/freezer? In the refrigerator, Nanaimo Bars can be stored in an airtight container for up to a week. When frozen properly, they can last for up to three months. Thaw in the refrigerator overnight before serving.
For a deep dive into the history and cultural significance of Nanaimo Bars, visit the City of Nanaimo’s official website.

Homemade Nanaimo Bars Recipe
Description
Enjoy your homemade Nanaimo Bars, a creamy and chocolatey treat that’s a staple in Canadian dessert cuisine!
Ingredients
For the Bottom Layer:
1/2 cup unsalted butter, melted
1/4 cup granulated sugar
5 tablespoons cocoa powder
1 large egg, beaten
1 3/4 cups graham cracker crumbs
1 cup shredded coconut
1/2 cup finely chopped walnuts or almonds (optional)
For the Middle Layer:
1/2 cup unsalted butter, softened
2 tablespoons and 2 teaspoons custard powder
2 cups powdered sugar
2 tablespoons milk or cream
For the Top Layer:
4 ounces semi-sweet chocolate, chopped
2 tablespoons unsalted butter
Instructions
Prepare the Bottom Layer:
In a medium saucepan, combine 1/2 cup butter, granulated sugar, and cocoa powder. Heat gently until melted and smooth.
Slowly drizzle in the beaten egg, stirring constantly until the mixture thickens.
Remove from heat and stir in graham cracker crumbs, coconut, and nuts (if using).
Press the mixture firmly into an ungreased 8×8-inch square baking pan. Chill in the refrigerator while preparing the next layer.
Make the Middle Layer:
In a bowl, beat together 1/2 cup butter, custard powder, powdered sugar, and milk until light and fluffy.
Spread this custard mixture over the bottom layer in the pan. Return to the refrigerator to chill until firm, about 1 hour.
Prepare the Top Layer:
In a small saucepan, melt the chocolate and 2 tablespoons butter together over low heat, stirring until smooth.
Let the chocolate cool slightly, then pour over the custard layer, spreading evenly.
Chill the bars in the refrigerator until the chocolate is set.
Cut and Serve:
Once set, cut into squares or bars.
It’s easier to cut the bars if you let them sit at room temperature for a few minutes.
Storage:
Nanaimo Bars can be stored in an airtight container in the refrigerator for up to a week or frozen for longer storage